A Complete Guide: Making Chinese Fermented Tofu Recipe

Are you a fan of Chinese cuisine and want to try something new? If so, you might be interested in making your own Chinese fermented tofu. Fermented tofu, also known as preserved tofu, is a popular ingredient in Chinese cooking that adds a savory and pungent flavor to dishes. Making your own fermented tofu is surprisingly easy, and it can be a fun and rewarding experience.

Fermented tofu is made by soaking fresh tofu in a brine made from salt, rice wine, and other flavorings. The tofu is then left to ferment for several days or weeks, during which time it develops a distinctive aroma and flavor.

There are many different varieties of fermented tofu, ranging from mild and sweet to strong and salty. It is often used as a condiment or seasoning in Chinese cuisine, and it can be added to soups, stews, stir-fries, and other dishes.

Key Takeaways:

• Fermented tofu is a popular ingredient in Chinese cuisine that adds a savory and pungent flavor to dishes.
• Making your own fermented tofu is easy and can be a fun and rewarding experience.
• Fermented tofu is made by soaking fresh tofu in a brine made from salt, rice wine, and other flavorings, and it can be used as a condiment or seasoning in a variety of dishes.

Understanding Fermented Tofu

Fermented tofu, also known as 'fu ru' or 'dou fu ru', is a traditional Chinese food that has been around for over 2,000 years. It is a type of cheese made from soybeans and is known for its unique flavour and aroma. In China, it is often used as a condiment to add flavour to dishes, and it is also used as a main ingredient in many recipes.

Historical Background in China

Fermented tofu has a long history in China, dating back to the Han dynasty (206 BC to 220 AD). It was originally made by soaking tofu in brine and allowing it to ferment for several months. Over time, different regions of China developed their own unique recipes and methods for making fermented tofu.

Types of Fermented Tofu

There are many different types of fermented tofu, but the most common are white and red. White fermented tofu is milder in flavour and is often used in soups and stews. Red fermented tofu is spicier and has a stronger flavour, making it a popular ingredient in stir-fries and marinades.

Health Benefits and Nutritional Profile

Fermented tofu is a good source of protein and is low in fat and calories. It is also rich in umami, which is a flavour that is often described as savoury or meaty. Fermented tofu is also a good source of zinc, which is an essential mineral that is important for immune function and wound healing.

Proposed seafood for the recipe: If you're looking to add some seafood to your fermented tofu recipe, try using shrimp or crab. These seafood options pair well with the umami flavour of fermented tofu and can add a delicious twist to your dish.

Ingredients and Equipment

When it comes to making Chinese fermented tofu, there are a few key ingredients and pieces of equipment that you will need to have on hand. In this section, we will go over the basics of what you will need to get started.

Selecting the Right Tofu

The first thing you will need is a good quality tofu. It is important to choose a tofu that is firm and has a high protein content, as this will help to ensure that it ferments properly. You can use either fresh or frozen tofu, but it is important to make sure that it is not too soft or watery.

Choosing Molds and Bacteria

To make fermented tofu, you will need to use a specific type of mold and bacteria. Traditionally, a red mold called "Hongqu" is used, but you can also use other types of molds, such as "Koji" or "Rhizopus." You can purchase these molds online or at specialty food stores.

Additional Flavouring Agents

In addition to the tofu and mold, you will also need some additional flavouring agents to give your fermented tofu its unique taste. Some common ingredients include salt, tea, sugar, sesame oil, garlic, soy sauce, spices, ginger, and star anise. You can experiment with different combinations of these ingredients to create your own unique flavour.

If you want to add some seafood to your fermented tofu recipe, you can try using shrimp or crab. These types of seafood can add a delicious flavour to your tofu, and they are commonly used in Chinese cuisine. Just make sure to clean and prepare the seafood properly before adding it to your recipe.

Making Chinese fermented tofu is a fun and rewarding process that requires a bit of time and patience. By selecting the right ingredients and equipment, and experimenting with different flavour combinations, you can create your own unique version of this classic dish.

The Fermentation Process

If you're a fan of Chinese cuisine, you've probably come across fermented tofu, which is also known as chao. Fermented tofu is a condiment that is cheesy and tangy in flavour. It can be used to add plenty of flavour to soups, marinades, dipping sauces, and more! In this section, we'll go through the fermentation process of making this delicious condiment.

Preparing the Tofu

To make fermented tofu, you'll need to start with a block of firm tofu. Rinse off the tofu and dry the surface with a kitchen towel. Cut the tofu into cubes and place them on a paper towel to dry for a few hours. Once the cubes are dry, submerge them in a mixture of salt and water for a few hours. Rinse the cubes and dry them again.

Culturing and Fermenting

Place the tofu cubes in a jar and cover them with a brine made from water, salt, and your choice of spices. You can use a variety of spices such as chilli flakes, Sichuan peppercorns, or garlic. Make sure the cubes are completely submerged in the brine. Cover the jar with a lid and store it in a dark place for a few days.

During this time, molds will start to grow on the surface of the tofu. This is a natural part of the fermentation process. You can scoop off any molds that appear on the surface of the brine. However, if the molds appear on the tofu cubes, you'll need to discard them as they can cause contamination.

Storing Fermented Tofu

Once the tofu has fermented to your desired taste, you can store it in the refrigerator. Place the tofu cubes in a clean jar and cover them with the brine. You can also add a piece of kombu or a few drops of vinegar to the brine to help preserve the tofu. Store the jar in the fridge for up to a month.

If you want to add a seafood twist to your fermented tofu, you can try adding some dried shrimp or scallops to the brine. The seafood will add a unique umami flavour to the tofu. However, make sure to use dried seafood as fresh seafood can cause contamination.

Serving and Cooking Ideas

Traditional Pairings

Fermented bean curd, also known as tofu, is a popular ingredient in Chinese cuisine. It is often used as a dip or sauce, and can be incorporated into a variety of dishes. Traditionally, fermented tofu is served as a side dish, where one cube is picked up with chopsticks and smeared on a bit of rice to eat together. It can also be used as a condiment by adding it to stir-fry vegetables or using it to marinate meats.

In Chinese red cooking, fermented tofu is often used as a braising sauce for meat dishes, giving them a unique flavour. It can also be used in hot pot dipping sauce, adding a salty and savoury element to the broth.

Incorporating into Modern Cuisine

Fermented tofu can also be used in modern cuisine, adding a unique flavour to a variety of dishes. It can be used as a dipping sauce for seafood, adding a salty and savoury flavour that pairs well with prawns, scallops, and squid.

For a vegetarian option, try stir-frying water spinach with garlic, ginger, and white fermented tofu. This dish is healthy and delicious, and is a popular vegetable side dish at the Chinese dinner table.

Fermented tofu can also be used as a condiment for noodles, congee, and steamed buns, adding a savoury flavour to these dishes. It can also be used as a marinade for meats, adding a unique flavour to grilled chicken or beef.

Fermented tofu is a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of ways in both traditional and modern cuisine. Try experimenting with different dishes and pairings to discover your favourite way to enjoy this unique ingredient.

Tips and Tricks for Homemade Success

Avoiding Common Mistakes

Making homemade Chinese fermented tofu may seem intimidating at first, but with a few tips and tricks, you can avoid common mistakes and achieve a creamy, salty, and umami flavour that is sure to impress.

One common mistake is not removing excess water from the tofu before fermenting it. To avoid this, place the tofu on a paper towel and roll it gently to absorb the excess water. Another mistake is not using a heavy object to press the tofu down while it ferments, which can result in a less creamy texture. To fix this, place a heavy object on top of the tofu, such as a can or a jar, to compress it.

It is also important to keep an eye out for black mold, which can occur if the tofu is not properly sterilized. To avoid this, make sure to sterilize all equipment before use and keep the tofu in a clean and dry environment while it ferments.

Enhancing Flavour and Texture

To enhance the flavour and texture of your homemade Chinese fermented tofu, try adding seafood to the recipe. Seafood such as shrimp or scallops can add a sweet and cheesy flavour that pairs well with the salty and tangy taste of the fermented tofu.

To achieve a creamier texture, use a higher fat content tofu or add a small amount of cream to the brine. You can also experiment with different spices and herbs, such as Sichuan peppercorns or garlic, to add depth and complexity to the flavour.

In the summer months, consider fermenting your tofu at a slightly lower temperature, around 25°C, to prevent the brine from becoming too sour. And lastly, don't be afraid to experiment and adjust the recipe to your liking. With a little practice and patience, you can create a homemade Chinese fermented tofu that is sure to impress.

Frequently Asked Questions

How can I incorporate fermented tofu into my cooking?

Fermented tofu is a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of ways. You can crumble it and use it as a topping for salads, soups, or stir-fry dishes. You can also use it as a marinade for meats or seafood, or mix it with other ingredients to make dips and spreads.

What are the health benefits of consuming fermented tofu?

Fermented tofu is a good source of protein, calcium, and iron. It is also low in fat and calories, making it a healthy addition to your diet. Studies have shown that consuming fermented foods can improve digestion and boost the immune system.

What's the best brand of fermented bean curd to use for recipes?

There are many brands of fermented tofu available in the market. Some of the popular brands include Hong Kong's Fu Kee, Taiwan's Choung Soo, and China's Gulong. It's best to experiment with different brands to find one that suits your taste preferences.

How do you properly store fermented tofu after opening?

Once opened, fermented tofu should be stored in the refrigerator in an airtight container. It can last up to several months if stored properly.

What's the traditional Chinese name for fermented tofu?

The traditional Chinese name for fermented tofu is "furu" (腐乳).

How long should tofu be fermented to achieve the right flavour?

The length of fermentation time can vary depending on the recipe and personal preference. Generally, it takes around 3-5 days to achieve the desired flavour and texture.

If you want to add a seafood twist to your fermented tofu recipe, you can try adding some shrimp or scallops to your stir-fry or soup dishes. The seafood will add a rich umami flavour that complements the savoury taste of the fermented tofu.